Sceptic wrote:For a moral value to be considered genuine it has to be an outcome that is valued for itself and exempt from the threat, or imposition, of penalties and not valued for other possibly advantageous outcomes.
Allow me to explain:
A shopkeeper who charges fairly because he values being an honest person is acting with genuine moral values. (The outcome is valued for itself).
A shopkeeper who charges fairly because he fears penalties imposed by the law is not acting with genuine moral value. (The outcome is only valued because of the absence of penalty).
A shopkeeper who charges fairly because he anticipates good business is not acting with genuine moral value. (The outcome of being honest is not valued: it is the other good that can be obtained - good business - that is valued by the shopkeeper).
A shopkeeper who charges fairly because he is made to do so at gun point is not acting with genuine moral value. (The outcome is not valued: instead penalty has been imposed in this circumstance).
Liberals, in the modern sense of liberalism (a progressive economic and social outcome), value the outcome of progressive taxation. However, this requires that the tax payer does not act upon genuine moral values because the penalty has been imposed: the tax payer cannot be called a good samaritan.
Only in the absence of progressive taxation is their space for upper income brackets to donate of their own charitable accord.
So my question is, does the imposition of moral values prevent people from acting with genuine moral character as they would be enabled to do so in a voluntary community at their own liberty?
Also, if this is true, could the only justification of imposing moral values be outcome, namely the increasing equality that is arguably the result of progressive taxation?
Yours sincerely,
The imposition of moral values is not self-defeating because almost every form of law is the imposition of moral values. Murder, rape, and torture are illegal largely because they're considered immoral actions. If the police arrest a thief, they are imposing moral values by keeping the social order, punishing negative behavior, and warning other potential law-breakers that their actions will be met with resistance.
In regards to taxes, taxes are necessary in society. They pay for the hospitals, schools, roads, the military, and many other programs necessary in our lives. If taxes were voluntary and we could give the money to whomever we want, our system would fall down; I do not know how large the budget of the military needs to be to function, and I don't know how to manage the affairs of public works. The people who collect and manage taxes, loathed as they are by many taxpayers, have a better understanding of this system.
There is also the Just World Fallacy: the belief that all humans are good at heart and that people will do the right things if left to their own devices. What do you do about those who want to watch the world burn, those who would profit off of intentional economic havoc (like Goldman Sachs), or groups who would create a monopoly so that they can charge whatever they want (like Standard Oil)? The world of capitalist business and commerce is motivated by profit: profit can be obtained through the dissolution of society and the exploitation of workers. Taxes, regulation, and government oversight are needed for fiscal issues.